Development Status of Metal Packaging in China and Technological Innovation Abroad

 The market pattern of metal packaging in China

    Metal packaging is an important part of China's packaging industry. Its output value accounts for about 10% of China's packaging industry. It mainly provides packaging services for food, canned food, beverages, Oils and fats, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.Metal packaging containers are thin-walled packers made of sheet metal.It is widely used in food packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, instrument packaging, industrial products packaging, arms packaging and so on.Among them, the number of food packages is the largest.The largest user of metal packaging in China is the food industry, followed by chemical products, in addition, cosmetics and drugs also accounted for a certain proportion.

    In the metal packing, the wrapper is mainly made of iron.Due to the continuous improvement and perfection of tinplate printing and processing technology, tinplate packaging is more and more widely used.With the increase of the production capacity of domestic tinplate, the import of tinplate will be gradually reduced, and it will soon be self-sufficient, but some high-grade products still need a small amount of import.

    Metal packaging containers are widely used because they have many unique advantages: metal containers are much stronger than other packaging containers, such as plastics, glass, paper containers, and so on. They are not rigid enough to rupture.The sheet metal has superior barrier property, gas resistance, moisture resistance, light shielding and fragrance retention than any other material, and the sealing is reliable, which can better protect the product.Metal material printing performance is good, the logo bright and beautiful, the packaging containers made of attractive, is a good sales packaging.Metal containers can be made into various shapes according to different needs, such as round, oval, square, horseshoe shaped, trapezoid, etc., which not only meet the packaging needs of different products, but also make the packaging containers more varied and promote sales.

    Metal packaging products can be subdivided into iron products (listening, boxes), cans (including two pieces of aluminum, two pieces of steel, two pieces of Maguchi Tetsumi cans), aerosol cans (made of tinplate made of exquisite medicinal pots, insecticide cans, cosmetic cans, etc.), food cans (cans, liquid or solid food cans, etc.) and all kinds of bottle caps (horse crown cap, turn off cover, etc.)Aluminum anti-theft cover).Another 1-18L tinplate made of chemical drums and cold-rolled sheet, zinc plate made of 20-200L drums.

    China's metal container manufacturing equipment has a very strong strength.The two cans have 26 pieces of production money, with an annual production capacity of more than 11 billion (about 7 billion in current market demand).Maguchi Tetsumi piece can manufacturing equipment has all kinds of imported and domestic automatic or semi-automatic production line of about 500, its products supply one year, the beverage industry about 4 billion, food canning industry about 3 billion 800 million.The annual capacity of the gas tank can reach 600 million.The annual production of steel barrel is about 4000-5000 million.Printing equipment has more than 500 production lines nationwide, half of the imported equipment and domestic equipment, printing more than 16 billion times a year.

    At present, China's metal packaging market is showing a trend of supply exceeding demand, but from the per capita consumption analysis, there is still much room for development.The annual consumption of China's beverage cans is 11 billion cans (two cans 7 billion, three cans 4 billion), and the consumption per capita is less than 8 cans, while Japan's annual consumption of 18 billion cans and South Korea are 3 billion 200 million cans.If China's per capita consumption increased to 10 cans per year, it would require 13 billion cans per year. In addition, the consumption level of canned food in China is low, the annual consumption per capita is less than 1.5kg, the annual consumption level of canned food in Europe is 50kg, and the annual consumption level in Japan is 23kg.

    Two. Technological innovation of foreign metal packaging

    1Coated steel plate

    From the current development trend, coated steel sheet used for packaging materials has begun, and presents a rapid development trend.Coated steel plate, namely organic coated steel plate, refers to the coated metal material obtained by applying organic coatings on the surface of the steel plate.This kind of coated steel plate in the packaging industry after the production of various types of packaging products without painting process, so often coated steel plate is classified as pre-coated steel plate.According to relevant experts, coated steel sheet will be widely used in the metal packaging industry to replace the current metal packaging products in the production process of painting backward production process.

    Coated steel sheets are generally centralized by metallurgical enterprises, which greatly reduces the cost of packaging manufacturing because of the elimination of the coating process in the production of products.It is estimated that the cost of packaging products made from thin steel sheet can be reduced by 5-10%, and energy saving is about 1/6-1/5, especially for the preprocessing of packaging products and the large investment in painting equipment.The coated steel plate has the advantages of both organic polymer and steel plate. It has good coloring, formability and corrosion resistance of organic polymer, and has high strength and workability of steel plate. It can easily process blanking, bending, deep drawing, welding and so on.

    At present, there are about 474 coated steel plate production lines in nearly 200 companies in 40 countries and regions around the world.There are about 200 production lines in the United States, more than 50 in Japan, 120 in European countries and 74 in Asia.At present, the annual production capacity of coated steel sheets in the world is 14 million tons, including 450 tons in the United States, 4 million tons in Europe, 2.7 million tons in Japan and 1.2 million tons in other Asian countries.The combined annual production capacity of the United States, Japan and Europe accounts for about 84% of the total production capacity of the National Office.According to incomplete statistics, up to May 2004, 24 coated steel plate production lines have been built in China, forming an annual production capacity of 1.616 million tons.In addition, there are more than ten production lines under construction and under preparation.

    2Automatic cooling and heating beverage cans

    The self cooling tank developed by American self cooled tank Co., Ltd. (CCNV) is very convenient to use. As long as the plastic button at the bottom of the beverage can be pressed, the temperature of the beverage can be reduced by 15-20 degrees in 3-5min.The self cooling tank mainly uses the patented technology of a heat exchange system (HEU) to achieve the automatic cooling function of beverage cans. HEU includes many components, such as beverage cans, built-in HEU containers, activated carbon, CO2 gas and so on.The working principle of HEU is very complicated. HEU must maintain the stability of activated carbon adsorbing CO2 and reduce the internal pressure of HEU, and CO2 can effectively release and absorb heat.

    A kind of self heated wine tank has appeared in Japan.There is a sandwich at the bottom fifth of the tank, filled with quicklime and a small packet of water in a sealed plastic film.Before drinking, just add a "plastic" stick from the lower hole, and the water will immediately mix with quicklime to generate a lot of heat. Just 3min, you can heat a can of sake to 58 degrees Celsius.

    Nestle UK has introduced a new 330ml concept, the automatic heating milk coffee can.The principle is that water and quicklime are separately placed in the interlayer of the tank to produce heat through chemical reactions.As a result, the volume of the can is reduced to 210 ml of liquid beverage.In order to make it convenient for consumers to drink, a round pulling ring was designed on the top of the jar.The heating process is controlled by the button at the bottom.About 3min, the drink can reach 60 degrees centigrade.To prevent consumers from being scalded by hot drinks, the tank has a corrugated isolation layer and a specially designed shrinkage sleeve.

    Three. Problems existing in China's metal packaging industry

    1Lack of high quality products

    At present, in the market, two pieces of cans, three pieces of beverage cans, crown cap, 18L chemical barrel overcapacity, high-quality and high-quality products are obviously inadequate.There are too few enterprises that can produce small capacity, ultra-thin cans, special-shaped cans and fine cans suitable for supermarket shelf effect.The variety of cans is single, which is difficult to meet the requirements of further development of packaging, and restricts the development of metal packaging.

    2Low concentration of industry

    Metal packaging industry is also a small and medium-sized enterprises, private enterprises in the majority of the industry.Common phenomena such as small scale, low intensive degree, low level of repeated construction, quality structure convergence, price competition and so on.China consumes about 60 tonnes of steel in the annual consumption of more than 10000 tons of steel. The leading domestic enterprises, COFCO Meite (including Wuxi huapang bottle cap and Guangzhou Panyu Meite) consumes tinplate of 75 thousand T per year, and produces 800 million yuan. In addition to the grains, there are Beijing Austrian Ruijin NEW beauty group, Fujian Sheng Xing gathering group, Fujian Jiamei group, Sanshui Jianlibao tank making company.Haikou Coconut Canning Company, Shanghai Meilin Canning Group and other large-scale enterprises, compared with the developed countries, there is still a big gap.

    3Excessive dependence on imports

    Most of the equipment in the metal container industry is imported.At present, the mainstream equipment in the world has developed towards digitalization, networking, high speed, low consumption, more environmental protection and humanization, and the import situation of China's main metal packaging equipment and materials has not been fundamentally changed.It is suggested that the competent department of machinery manufacturing should pay attention to improving the performance of packaging machinery and equipment, strive for less imports, and be conducive to saving foreign exchange.In addition to iron printing equipment and aerosol tank equipment, the introduction of other equipment should be carefully avoided repetition.

    According to a survey by the metals Commission, the demand for aluminum cans in the past few years has been hovering at 7 billion, and the annual demand for cold rolled steel barrel is about 60 million.Metal cans are high-tech packaging materials with tinplate and aluminum plate as raw materials.In 2004, the metal container industry purchased 1 million 500 thousand T tinplate, a large part of which came from imported plates, and imported raw boards from abroad to process tin in the country, which made the state pay a lot of foreign exchange.Due to the great dependence on the plates, when China's steel industry lifted the banner of anti-dumping in 2003 and 2004, the sales price of tinplate went up all the way, and the industry encountered unprecedented difficulties (from June 2002 to now, the price has increased by more than 80%, while the cost increased by the metal tank making industry to less than 20% of the downstream industries).

    4The waste of resources is serious

    As China's packaging industry is still in the extensive mode of economic growth, the consumption of resources is relatively large, which is 2 times the world average, 4.3 times that of the United States and 11.5 times that of Japan.China's energy consumption per unit GDP is four times that of the United States and seven times that of Japan.As far as metal packaging is concerned, the power consumption of iron and aluminum packaging materials (the same volume container) is 0.7 KW/h, aluminum is 3 kw/h, and the energy consumption ratio is much higher than that of other packaging materials.

    Due to the fact that the state has not yet formed a complete set of effective mechanisms and relevant policies for the recovery of packaging waste, the recycling rate of waste is low, and the waste of resources is serious.

    Four, promote the development of China's metal packaging industry

    1Developing industry brand

    At present, the key to the development of metal packaging enterprises is how to get rid of the shadow of low level, homogenization and price competition, and to transition to differences, scale, internationalization and high value-added products.Many large enterprises in China have made successful explorations.Hangzhou COFCO beauty, Austrian Ruijin cans, Fujian Sheng Xing, Shanghai Meilin canning and so on are collectivization and large-scale development mode: take Hangzhou COFCO as an example, from Hangzhou's single regional Brand Company rapidly expand to Southern China, East China and North China three points in a year, radiation the national market pattern, become the China Packaging Federation.Iron seal packaging container development and production base.Origin canning company takes Beijing as the leader, now has many joint venture or joint venture branches in Hainan, Beijing, Shandong, Xinjiang, etc., and is also a model of integration.The "Tianbao" hardware factory in Dongguan has gone out of the export oriented "one-stop" development mode: design services, OEM processing and overseas markets, with small input and large output, and become a large enterprise of gift packaging, stationery and office supplies.

    2Promote technological innovation

    The design and color of metal packaging products should be constantly updated to develop lighter, more material-saving, more environmentally friendly, more visual charm of new packaging products.The tinplate produced in China is generally 0.16-0.28mm in thickness, while the developed countries have already entered the ultra thin era. The 0.12mm and even thinner tinplate and the micro sealing technology are used to make cans, barrels and covers.It is said that in Taiwan Province of China and Japan, they have developed cans which are heated directly by fire, cans which are heated directly by microwave oven, etc.All these new technologies require enterprises to explore from various aspects of the market at home and abroad, especially to strengthen exchanges with advanced countries and gradually narrow the gap, so as to promote the development of China's metal packaging industry as soon as possible and move from packaging power to packaging power.

    3Improve product quality

    China's metal packaging and pots technology has reached the international level. At the same time, efforts should be made to improve the quality of products, use ultra-thin tinplate and aluminum materials for technological transformation and develop new products, and solve the most important problems of food and beverage cans, such as leakage of cans and easy opening of Gellar rings, so as to improve the quality of various products.

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